Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall

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Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall The villa is believed to have been built by businessman Boey Chuan Poh in 1880 to house his mistress, Bin Chan, from whom came the building's original name, Bin Chan House. In 1905, the villa was bought by rubber magnate Teo Eng Hock-great-granduncle of Minister for Defence Teo Chee Hean-from a timber merchant for his aged mother, Mdm Tan Poh Neo. A fervent supporter of the Chinese revolution movement to overthrow the Qing dynasty in China, Teo Eng Hock later offered the place as the Singapore branch of the Tong Meng Hui, or the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance, to Dr Sun Yat Sen for his revolutionary activities in February 1906 until the successful Xinhai Revolution in 1911. Tong Meng Hui was formed to help drum up support and raise money for the revolution. The villa later became the alliance's Southeast Asia headquarters. After the revolution in 1911, Mr Teo's business declined and he sold the 2,760 m2 property. In March 1937, it was bought by a group of six leading Chinese businessmen in Singapore, including philanthropist Lee Kong Chian, to be preserved as a historical site. During the Japanese Occupation of Singapore in World War II, the villa was used as a communications hub by the Japanese. In the early 1950s, the villa was handed over to the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry. The chamber turned it into a place of historical interest in 1965 after a major renovation and was known as Sun Yat Sen Villa. Gazetted a national monument on 28 October 1994, it symbolises the contributions of the overseas Chinese to the revolutionary movement in China, as well as the inspiration of Dr. Sun's nationalist ideals on the people of Singapore, which was formerly a British Colony. The villa was closed in November 1997 for restoration at a cost of S$7.5 million, and reopened in November 2001 as the Sun Yat Sen Nanyang Memorial Hall. 新加坡晚晴园孙中山南洋纪念馆当年孙中山先生为了推翻满清皇朝的专制腐朽统治，在海外四处奔走，鼓吹革命，作起义的准备时，曾8次抵达新加坡，其中3次就住在晚晴园里。晚晴园的前身是明珍庐，位于大人路12号，是占地一万八千多方尺，当年粤籍姓梅殷商所建。屋外周围草地宽广，树木扶疏，空气清新，地僻人静，建筑屋的主要特征是讲求对称美，走廊宽阔，活叶窗板，通风设备良好，是间高尚的私人住宅。明珍庐后来由潮籍殷商张永福先生买下，供奉慈母养老，改园名晚晴，乃取自李商隐的诗句：“夕阳怜芳草，人间爱晚晴”之意思。当孙中山抵达新加坡从事革命活动时，屋主把屋子让给他居住，从那时期起，晚晴园就成为反清的海外主要革命基地。 1906年4月6日，中国同盟会新加坡分会在晚晴园成立。此后3年，晚晴园不仅成了新加坡革命志士聚会的场所，也是整个东南亚华人革命党的总基地。孙中山、胡汉民、汪精卫、黄兴等风云人物，在这里商谈国事，为推翻千年的封建专制的政权，呕心沥血，由胡汉民在晚晴园起草的同盟会党章更是成了日后东南亚各地同盟会分会的楷模，此外，在辛亥革命史上，许多著名的战役，如1907年的黄岗山和镇南起义，1908年的河口起义等，事前都是在晚晴园策划的。晚晴园在辛亥革命成功以后，人去楼空，便沉静了下来。后来，晚晴园卖了给印度商人。而印商也不常住在这里，晚晴园一度变得凄清冷落。 1938年，李光前、陈延谦、周献瑞、李俊承、杨吉兆和李振殿、合资购下晚晴园，赠给新加坡中华总商会留作永远的纪念，并开放给公众参观。 1942年，太平洋战争爆发，新加坡沦陷，在日军统治下，晚晴园被强令充作日军通讯营。晚晴园在和平后再重修，作为中国国民党驻新加坡支部办公室直至1951年为止。 1966年，适逢孙中山百年诞辰纪念，在新加坡中华总商会董事的倡议下，完成了第4次的重修工程。新加坡政府于1994年8月29日宣布将晚晴园列为国家古迹．这更是肯定了晚晴园在新加坡、东南亚以及整个亚洲的历史地位。新加坡中华总商会在1994年初，成立了3个工作小组以从事修葺晚晴园建筑，并在本地、大马、中国、香港、台湾、伦敦、夏威夷等地收集有关的文物资料，以及筹款的活动。 2001年修复工程完毕，并于11月12日重新开幕。修复后的晚晴园称为“晚晴园孙中山南洋纪念馆”。展览厅将分为5个部分，突出新马两地参与革命的活动和人物。暂名为“留芳馆”的展厅则叙述中国革命对东南亚的影响力，甚至以特别的戏剧效果总结孙中山一生的事迹和思想。

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